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AFH 1 · Chapter 20 · Section 20.23

Sexual Assault Reporting Options

Part of Customs, Courtesies, and Tradition · 3 sections · ~1372 words · WAPS PFE study material

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SAPR Reporting Options — Restricted Reports

Two Reporting Options

2 Reporting Options
The USAF has two reporting options:
  1. Unrestricted reporting
  2. Restricted reporting

Treatment Standards

Treatment Standards
The USAF makes every effort to treat victims of sexual assault with:
  • Dignity and respect
  • Protect their privacy to the maximum extent of the law
  • Provide support, advocacy, and care

Confidentiality of Medical

Medical Confidentiality
Regardless of whether the victim elects restricted or unrestricted reporting, confidentiality of medical information will be maintained.

Restricted Reports

Restricted Report Definition
The Department of Defense has directed the implementation of confidentiality in the form of a restricted reporting option that enables eligible victims to report allegations of sexual assault to specified personnel, WITHOUT triggering an investigation.

Purpose

Restricted Report Purpose
This reporting option is intended to:
  • Remove barriers to medical care and support
  • Give the victim additional time and increased control over the release and management of personal information

Who Can Receive Restricted Reports

Who Can Receive Restricted
Only the following may receive restricted reports of sexual assault:
  • SARCs
  • SAPR VAs
  • VVAs
  • Healthcare personnel

Conversion Option

Restricted-to-Unrestricted Conversion
If a victim elects this reporting option, a victim may convert a restricted report to an unrestricted report at any time.

Privileged Communicators

Privileged Communicators Cannot Receive
Chaplains, legal assistance attorneys, and VC entitled to privileged communications will NOT accept a restricted report of sexual assault.

Facilitation Required

Facilitate Contact
However, in the course of otherwise privileged communications with chaplains, legal assistance attorneys, and VC, a victim may indicate that he or she wishes to file a restricted report. If this occurs, they will:
  • Facilitate contact with a SARC, SAPR VA, or VVA
  • Ensure that a victim is offered SAPR services

SAPR Reporting Options — Unrestricted Reports

Unrestricted Report Definition

Unrestricted Definition
Any report of a sexual assault made by the victim through normal reporting channels, including:
  • The victim's chain of command
  • Law enforcement
  • The Air Force Office of Special Investigations
  • Other criminal investigative services

…is considered an unrestricted report.

No Conversion Back

No Unrestricted-to-Restricted
If a victim elects this reporting option, a victim will NOT be permitted to change from unrestricted to a restricted report.

Notification Chain

SARC Notification
The individual to whom an unrestricted report is made will notify the SARC.

OSI Forwarding

OSI Forwarding
Any report of sexual assault made through the SARC, SAPR VA, VVA, or healthcare personnel by an individual who elects an unrestricted report and designates so in writing, will be forwarded to the Air Force Office of Special Investigations.

When Restricted Reporting Is Available

Restricted Available Until
Victims may elect to make a restricted report of sexual assault at all times, EXCEPT in cases where:
  • The victim personally reported the incident to law enforcement (including MCIOs), OR
  • Previously filed an Unrestricted Report with a signed DD Form 2910 for the same incident

What Doesn't Block Restricted Reporting

Restricted Still Available
Victims CAN file a Restricted Report even if:
  • The allegation has been inadvertently or previously disclosed to command by the victim, suspect, or third party, OR
  • The matter has been reported to law enforcement (including MCIOs) by anyone other than the victim, OR
  • An investigation is initiated, in progress, or closed

Information Need-to-Know

Need-to-Know Standard
In cases of an unrestricted report of a sexual assault or information concerning a sexual assault, information concerning the victim and the offense will only be provided to governmental entities or persons with an established official need to know.

Routine Need-to-Know

Routine Need-to-Know
Those who are deemed to have an official need to know in the USAF to perform their respective duties routinely include:
  • Law enforcement
  • Commanders and first sergeants of the victim and the alleged assailant
  • Legal personnel
  • The SARC, SAPR VA, VVA
  • Healthcare providers, as required

Commander Action Required

Cmdr Immediate Steps
Commanders notified of a sexual assault through an unrestricted report must take immediate steps to ensure:
  • The victim's physical safety
  • Emotional security
  • Medical treatment needs are met
  • The Air Force Office of Special Investigations or appropriate criminal investigative agency and SARC are notified

SAPR Reporting — Eligibility, Collateral Misconduct, and Safe-to-Report Policy

Reporting Eligibility

Eligibility for Both Options
The following individuals are eligible for both the restricted and unrestricted reporting option within the SARC program:
  • RegAF members who were sexual assault victims perpetrated by someone other than the victim's spouse
  • Military members on RegAF status who were sexual assault victims PRIOR to enlistment or commissioning — eligible to receive SAPR services under either reporting option. Support is available regardless of when or where the sexual assault took place.
  • Service members' dependents, 18 years of age and older, who are eligible for treatment in the military health system at installations CONUS and OCONUS, and who were sexual assault victims perpetrated by someone other than the victim's spouse
  • Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard members who are sexually assaulted when performing active service and inactive duty training
  • Department of Defense civilian employees will have access to full SAPR services that are offered to service members. This does NOT include additional medical entitlements or legal services to which they are not already authorized by law or policy.

Collateral Misconduct in Sexual Assault Cases

Collateral Definition
An investigation into the facts and circumstances surrounding an alleged sexual assault may produce evidence that the victim engaged in misconduct.

Significant Reporting Barrier

Collateral = Reporting Barrier
Collateral misconduct by a sexual assault victim is a significant barrier to reporting because of the victim's fear of punishment.

Examples

Collateral Examples
Some reported sexual assaults involve circumstances where the victim may have engaged in some form of misconduct like:
  • Underage drinking or other related alcohol offenses
  • Adultery
  • Drug abuse
  • Fraternization
  • Other violations of instructions or orders

Commander Responsibility

Cmdr Disposition Responsibility
In accordance with the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the Manual for Courts-Martial, and USAF instructions, commanders are responsible for addressing misconduct in a manner that is consistent and appropriate to the circumstances.

Withholding Authority

RCM 306 Withholding
However, Rule for Courts-Martial 306 permits superior commanders to withhold disciplinary authority from subordinate commanders for individual cases, types of cases, or generally.

Initial Disposition Authority

IDA Reserved Authority
Pursuant to DAFI 51-201, *Administration of Military Justice*, the authority to dispose of collateral misconduct in sexual assault cases is initially reserved to the special court-martial convening authority.

Process Flow

Collateral Process Flow
In those cases:
  • The subordinate commander forwards the case file, along with a written recommendation, to the initial disposition authority
  • The initial disposition authority may:
  • Dispose of the collateral misconduct himself or herself, OR
  • Return the case file to the subordinate commander and permit them to take action

Safe-to-Report Policy

Safe-to-Report Applies
The Safe-to-Report Policy is applicable to any allegation of sexual assault, regardless of whether the victim has filed a restricted or unrestricted report.

Threshold Issue

Minor vs Non-Minor Threshold
The threshold issue for the applicability of the Safe-to-Report Policy is determining whether the alleged collateral misconduct in question is "minor" or "non-minor".

Authority

IDA Determination Authority
The authority to make such a determination is withheld to the Initial Disposition Authority (IDA), as outlined in DAFI 51-201, *Administration of Military Justice*, paragraph 10.5.1.

Discretionary Determination

IDA Discretionary
The IDA's determination is discretionary based on the totality of the circumstances involved in the case, but the IDA must assess the alleged collateral misconduct against the delineated aggravating and mitigating circumstances at a minimum.

Outcomes

Minor → Policy Applies
If the alleged collateral misconduct is deemed MINOR, then the Safe-to-Report Policy APPLIES and the victim will NOT be disciplined.
Non-Minor → Policy Does Not Apply
If the alleged collateral misconduct is NON-MINOR, then the Safe-to-Report Policy does NOT apply, and the victim could be subject to disciplinary action.

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