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AFH 1 · Chapter 22 · Section 22.36

Ask, Care, and Escort Model

Part of Force Development · 3 sections · ~702 words · WAPS PFE study material

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ACE Model Overview and Ask

Foundation Principle

Everyone's Responsibility
Suicide prevention is everyone's responsibility.

What ACE Is

ACE Definition
The Ask, Care, and Escort (ACE) Model was developed to assist Airmen in intervening when an Airman experiences stress, distress, or faces challenges.

Why ACE Helps

Understanding Saves Lives
Understanding the appropriate steps to suicide risk prevention and the available USAF approved resources can aid in saving the career and life of a fellow Airman.

Why the Acronym Matters

ACE Easy to Remember
The acronym ACE is one that people can easily remember.

Ask

When to Ask
When you see or hear any of the warning signs discussed in this section, or are aware of risk factors in someone's life, ask questions to learn more about the person's situation.

How to Ask

Direct Question
If you have any uncertainty about someone's safety, calmly but directly ask the question:
ACE Question
"Are you thinking of killing/hurting yourself?"

Why Direct Asking Helps

Permission to Talk
Asking about suicide gives people permission to talk about a subject that may otherwise be difficult to bring up.
Signal of Readiness
It lets the Airman know you are ready to discuss what they are experiencing.

Critical Boundary

No Promises of Secrecy
Do NOT promise to keep thoughts of suicide a secret.
Sharing With Helpers
Airmen need to remember the importance of sharing these concerns with leaders and professionals who can help.

ACE Model — Care

Why Care Matters

Care Is Important
Showing care and concern for those at risk is important.

What Caring Looks Like

Time Shows Care
Simply taking the time to ask about problems, and asking specifically about suicide, shows caring and concern.

How to Respond If They Acknowledge Suicidal Thoughts

If They Acknowledge
If someone acknowledges thoughts of suicide:
  • Listen
  • Allow them to share what is troubling them

What to Avoid

Avoid These
Avoid:
  • Making judgmental statements
  • Immediately trying to solve their problem
  • Trying to talk them out of suicide

What to Do Instead

If Sharing Thoughts
If they share thoughts of suicide with you:
  • Accept that they are in distress
  • Listen to their concerns
  • Begin getting them help

Means Restriction

Means Restriction Concept
Determine if they have a plan for suicide, what the plan is, and take reasonable steps to secure the potential means of suicide — but do not put yourself in harm's way.

Lethal Means at Distress Time

Lethal Means Risk
Airmen in distress who are seeking access to lethal means should be considered at risk for self-harm.

When You Cannot Secure Means

Contact Command and Emergency Services
If you are not able to secure the potential means of self-harm, OR you have significant concern about the individual's safety, then contact command and emergency services.

Why Time and Space Matter

Time and Space Reduces Risk
Building time and space between Airmen in distress and access to lethal means can reduce the risk of suicide attempts and deaths.

ACE Model — Escort

Final Step

Escort Step
After asking about suicide and showing concern, the final step is to escort the person to command or professional support that can provide appropriate assistance.

Critical Rule

Don't Leave Alone
Do NOT leave the person in distress alone.

On-Base Resources

Command Post Access
At most bases, professionals are on call through the command post, and evaluations can be conducted in local emergency rooms if on-base services are not accessible.

If They Won't Go With You

If They Refuse
If a distressed Airman will not agree to go with you and you have significant concern about the individual's safety, you should:
  • Contact your chain of command
  • Contact emergency services — local, civilian, or national resources
  • Dial 911
  • Go to the emergency room or mental health clinic
  • Call the Veterans Crisis Line: 1-800-273-8255

The Most Important Step

Most Important Step
The most important step is to get the individual the help they need if they are in distress.

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